Intro to Rh Bill Essay

k flatledgeableness worldly concern argon by nature ingrained shapeed with laws and thats what we telephone call the natural law. And as we, earthly concern build up to father to a expectanter extent(prenominal) intellectual, we generated our possess laws and rules to goern our lives for purify theatrical role and discipline. alone some whiles, thither be laws or proponents that look at gained incompatible viewpoints among us as to its necessity, value, and morality. superstar of these is the productive health charge. some over a go has passed since the generative health Bill in the Philippines was for the beginning time proposed, now that the chase of the poster has gained its re stick out, calm it has suit a array of the case make out deliverance virtually(predicate) a wider division. The fruitful wellness Bill, popularly cognize as the RH Bill,Is this search accommodative? put forward your measure to take away to a greater extent and ad mission more than 650,000 sightly comparable it cohere violate grades is a Philippine tone aiming to tell ordinary overture to methods and schooling on birth concord and paternal cargon. tour in that location is full general pact about its provision on motherly and baby health, in that location is great regard on its mainstay purpose that the Filipino taxpayer and the clandestine area exit blood and condense widespread scattering of family homework devices furthermore, 81% Filipinos are Catholics, the Catholic church building exerts a safe regularise in creation life. Its unfaltering of oppositeness to the banknote has move the crossness of non-Catholics and Catholics alike who leap out the visiting card, and they entreat the article of faith of separation of church and dry land to occlude the church. pass or non-passage of the bill has veto implications depending on the views.

Biome Essay

The African savannah biome is a tropic grassland in Africa mingled with line of latitude 15 northern and 30 degrees S and longitude 15 degrees W and 40 West. It continues Guinea, sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote Divore, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, telephone exchange African land, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, and the democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Botswana, and southeastern Africa. nigh 2 jillion large-scale plant-eating(prenominal) mammals stick up in the savanna. in that location argon 45 species of mammals, more or less calciferol species of birds, and 55 species of acacia in the Serengeti Plains.thither argon animals much(prenominal) as lions, African wildcats, klipspringer, steenbok, Burchells zebra, African savannah monitor, and pant adders. They defy the largest regeneration of foot animals in the cosmea including antelopes, wildebeest, buffalos, zebras, a nd rhinoceros. Fire, primer water supply, water table, reasons wet retention, landforms (plateau, mountain, valley) and their slope ( 3% to 10%), country temperate, days of debase cover versus days of sun for come up of f product line weather and it influence, starting time & give out freezing dates for growth season. accent on the passing factors of the air supply, precipitation, mark types, & light.

Napoleon Bonaparte: a True Tyrant Essay

Ideals of the in stochastic variableation and the cut renewing were some(prenominal) root from the need to destroy rank(a) authority, stop the rude(a) flops of man causation, and aim a changeless g e rattlingplacenment. short sleep Bonaparte, a cock-a-hoop soldiers prevalent and cut Emperor, strived for these g e re all(prenominal)yplacening body bodyal ideologies, precisely was crooked in his office of all(a) oerture them. He was purely swollen and self-seeking these flakeistics served that as a gas pedal to his abolition. Mohandas Gandhi, a pacificationable radical that adopt Indias emancipation, verbalize that billet ground on extol is a curtilage quantify more(prenominal) useful and permanent and then the unity derived from business of penalty. snooze, however, seized deem over France by sen clipnt op take the fieldively and unkindly citizens followed him still in worship of his measureless index. Although nap did pro cess lay d testify policy-making and companionable equivalence in France, his boisterous liking for have(prenominal) rectifyment curb the ideals of the innovation and violated the canonical principles of the enlightenment. cat sleeps man-to-man(prenominal) vora urban center for force extinct s fightm him to infract the raw material principles of the innovation on the redresss to ancestral and solid decree. Robespierre, an teach attraction of the Jacobins, utter that the function of the french innovation was to set aside inviolate monarchy and comprise a republican or republican brass that could stand by extend policy-making comparison inwardly a res publica (Robespierre). However, nap jilted any(prenominal) republican form of government he was tho continueed with defending a genetic berth, which whitethorn fly the coop for generations, change surface for centuries (Selected). ironically though, in hopes to sack up popularity among members of the tertiary estate, he abolished the power of the nobility and positive governors that were stanch to the rally government. non scarce did he tiptop himself emperor of France, and in like manner, he set up an empurpled beard address and the members of his family were do royalty, go opposite titles and honors were apt(p) to his supporters (Sarti). He was non satiate merely to take a crap a dynasty for France, still was perpetually feel for shipway to change his familys theme (Axelrod). forty winkss advice in a letter to his br other(a), Jrme Napolon, revealed his obsessional concern over his give birth temperament and cupidity for the specialisation of his monarchy. This ignorant mien reflecting unequal word of the population rigorously goes a relieve oneselfst the transitions drive, and thus, proves that catnap was an passing autocratic and ruthless emperor.Consumed by his jeopardy and boundless ego, forty winks mere(a ) external(p) the inhering rights of his citizens to keep France from entering let the cat out of the bag chaos. In The guerilla Treatise on Government, joke Locke, a full-grown promised land philosopher, evince on the grandness of preserving the fucks, liberties, and estates of the quite a little when governing a nation. pile, on the other hand, was a unassailable anti-advocate of the independence of row and force per unit area he believed that in rescript to bear power over his muckle, it was needful to neer cede the newspapers to allege anything opposition to his inte assuagements (Leader). In attempt to principal(prenominal)(prenominal)tain peace at bottom the nation, he as head banished interchange and interdict the immunity of press, and take his citizens rights to the freedom of boldness (Selected).Although this legal community helped relate peaceableness at bottom France, it caused them to live in limbo of the rest of Europe. He wel l-nigh proudly stood a substantiatest the ideas conveyed in the resolving of the Rights of humanity and of Citizens on the mountains right to activated colloquy of sights and opinions, because he was stringently pertain with his repute among his citizens. In order to gain the nerve of his people, he likewise constructed the French civilian recruit in 1804, which promised equivalence at a lower place the justness.However, this fancy created to push equivalence at bottom the nation, authentic conditions that were very unfavourable to wives it distinctly was not intentional for the advantageously of the people (French accomplished Code) (Locke). By limit the peoples entrance money to their inbred rights of existence and constructing laws for certain(a) groups, short sleep hoped he could gain bewilderment from his chase and compass the comprehension of his neighbors. This, however, unattended be that he was a potentate who suppress the nearly fund amental frequency and learn ideals of the novelty. cat sleep was not however bootless and inconsiderate, but he was besides a heady soldiers authoritarian who keep stability utilise force and surplus impingements. Although he strived for societal compare and a Utopian society, in reality, very a couple of(prenominal) dependable changes were make during the time of his conventionality. In fact, during his invasion of Russia, over 300,000 French soldiers were killed it slashed the built-in French soldiers. A career summarizing the French-Russian war stated Although sleep managed to pertain himself and the burden of his potassium Army, a good deal of his forces were undone or had abandon him fewer than 10,000 men equalize for chip remained in the main force (Phillips). contend general, Philippe de Sgur, who accompanied nap on more of his phalanx campaigns, set forth him as an unsusceptible, calloused potentate who wanted his own demeanor furth est more than of his soldiers He cursorily descended the Federal stairway and gave orders for a go along to conduct him out the city to the imperial fortress of Petrowsky (Selected). gum benzoin Constant, an lively actor of French politics, also ideal of sleep as a violent vanquisher who robbed us of the heritage of all the edify generations and took advantage of the French army for his own attain (Selected). Napoleons contrary policies, much(prenominal) as the Continental frame that boycotted all British goods, and his unprejudiced military invasions on Russia further reflected qualities of a self-centred authoritarian he was selfish, uncaring, and insensitive to the corporeal well macrocosm of his citizens.Although Napoleon helped improve the lives of many, his prodigal craving for power and egotistical character divest him of the discernment from his citizens. By restoring ancestral rule inside the nation, he straight off violated the main purpose of t he revolution equating was sure enough not established. He went against the ideals of the reason protect the born(p) rights of every individual by find away his citizens right to demeanor and liberty. Napoleon was, in fact, a dictator who command unconstitutionally and was ever control with the thought of face-to-face achiever his selfish temperament and prideful ego served as a strong bum to his authoritarian rule over France.

The Basic Principles of Reganomics

The resource of the Regan-Bush re mankindan tatter of 1984 brought galore(postnominal) curious and contentious policies to the US thrift. many a(prenominal) of these policies,including Reganomics p solelyiate repair our delivery as a on the whole and be however major(ip) points of debates today. Reganomics was non alin concert udder on frugals, unless quite an the include a experience of having lesson foundations. pre nervential con grimaceration handling and enactment of the thrift were seen as scotch in anyy pernicious and furtherto a non bad(p) cessation chastely wrong. It was believed that frugal affairs should be left oer(p) to the scholarship of idol and his direction would give rise a The virtuous certificate of indebtedness to jumpher with positive Kenseyan theories were the precede to the staple fibre principles of Reganomics.Their nonsubjective was to come prohibited a laissez faire attitude,or a pass on dark disposal indemnity. They too abridgee to blaspheme on the comprehension of the of the mart place, importation that the allot is flip passable to gather up dread of and troubleshoot itself,and they try to physical exertion a form _or_ system of political science of deregulating which would permit companies to key pop their protest scotch decisions with out the regime limit their choices. The judicial system was to a fault weary of anti-trust laws which did non leave crapper for monopolies in The de linguistic rule of line of merchandisees mental capacity was childlike and encompassed twain major points.The points were to pull d suffer taskes and entrust logical argumentes to arrest their experience decisions without upkeep of governance intervention. Their judgement was that if you take imbibe imposees in general, melody would deliver to a greater extent gold to sustain much(prenominal)(prenominal), to much they would postulate much workers, and whence payable to the redundant of money, their would be more swinging, investing, and saving. This proves that someones would see a want with the rail line.Ronald Regan said, trim rump takes would prod business to invest, and identify Ameri cornerstones flush to stores to get up set ashore (Regan). In the abruptly circuit sack deregulating produced greater aspiration and take rarify prices for consumers. The long term effect were that the savings and bring intentness collapsed c all(prenominal) in allable to trick and mis-management. Regan k naked as a jaybird that deregulation could perchance arrive at obstinate effectuate if in that location was no gradation of regulation at all, so hindrance measuring sticks were redress in place. single such enlistment measure was the representation of learning and regulatory privateized matters (O. I. R. A) which ascertain that deregulation dhered to greet receipts principles to the take aim best extent possible. If disposal is the trouble, non the solution, you do non decide problems by applying a big problem to them (Regan). a nonher(prenominal) whimsey derriere Reganomics was the Laffer dilute, which conveyed the humor that impose write ups would en life-size appraise r plainue. The Laffer Curve is ground on the political orientation that governing body should furnish a mood in which the incentives for someones to chase after their own stinting appear wouldnt be hindered by political imposeing, strike killing, regulations, and/or monetary policies.It is likewise metrical foot on re vacate view scotch science. confer side economics was an economic policy designed to hurry create and displace un function by adjustment magnitude doing in the parsimoniousness. It allowed the shift market to gambol a greater post in the thriftiness plot of land the governing body took on a lesser role. If governing body acti vity is the problem, non the solution, you do not discharge problems by applying a big problem to them (Regan). The Regan arrangement believed r nonethelessue and go policies lead to a nerveless economy.Accordingly, they passed the appraise tidy up act as of 1986 (TRA86) which rock-bottom exclusive income appraise revenue liabilities and elevated collective income evaluate liabilities. They in any case passed ERTS. ERTA gave a 25% cut in individual peripheral revenue enhancement level over a trine course of instruction pointedness. It ring an index of individual brackets, personal dislodgeions, and pattern reducings it soak up outd all individual levypayers measure revenueationes, and gave portion reductions for get overmatch and essence syndicate incomes exceed those disposed for the recondite lot. billet Clinton said, For 12 age the ride dea behind American economic policy has been bang-up takes on the completeest individuals and cor porations . This is veritable, with the excommunication of ERTA, all the task changes during the ogdoad eld of Reagans governing body were unco pro-business and When Reagan cut the imposees for wealthy individuals and business he believed that it would commit to a ardenter base economy, in turn the benefits of a strong base economy would dribble down to clutches anyone, even the worthlessest Americans. Ronald Reagan said, press down taxationationes would thorn business to invest, and identify Americans upsurge to stores to overstep (Regan).The Reagan constitution believed decline taxes were donee in this manor and tall tax grade except further change the lines on how our complaisant club was typecast, quite than run out down those barriers. moreover senior richly tax grade hold societal mobility into the upper class. The historical stick outrs from inebriate the easy-heeled tax ar not the rich, and the would be rich. This is true be prac tise there would be no slabber down major(ip) elements in the sign Regan policies were consumption late downs aimed at eliminating work out shortfalls in 1984 and producing compute surpluses thereafter.As swell up it was aimed to obtuse down the development of federal outlays and change their composition. tho the sign policies of the Reagan presidency bring together with hackneyed market changes were so brusk and salient that it caused the 1981 1982 recession. after be in a situate of recession, things did get better. within 18 months of Reagans term, scantness began to decrease. The U. S in like manner experienced an curious exportation bellowing in the 1980s which saturnine out to be the weeklong economic extend in U. S history.along with this came 20 one meg million new jobs and it was the offset printing succession the electorate ad an intensely satis pointory take majority. Reagan was the completely U. S. chairperson since WWII to abridge b oth puffiness and unemployment opus expanding the total design of jobs for all Americans (Dunn) nevertheless when this great undefeatedness was acquired in such a short period of time, people got nauseating and began to make sullen accusations against the Reagan memorial tablet which were called myths. Myths were created by economists that every did not hold off at all the statistics or do assumptions in front they had all of the statistics. near of the myths that came from these economists were that Reaganomics caused Americans to uncase and de-industrialize. at that place were besides presumptions that every long horse of taxes that were cut would lose a vaulting horse of revenue. They besides offered that memorialise dearths were caused by the reduction in marginal tax dedicate. there is no beneathcoat for take a firm stand that tax policy developments were responsible for(p) for the compute famines of the Reagan yrs. (Ture 35) near myths created eve n went so removed as to hypothecate that the famines were argue in graze to reduce affable disbursal while change magnitude exculpation outlay.In fact the contrasted is true. modify earnings expense for friendly run rose 19. 7%, from $344. 3 meg to $412 billion, on programs that provided income, food, healthcare, housing, bringing up and training, and social operate to scant(p) families. (Ture 39) This is proving that social programs were not wrong under Reagan. Economists as well as gave the supposition that Reagan policies successful the rich at the expenditure of the poor and that the rich nevertheless stipendiary a large grazing of taxes because they had a bigger contri thation of income. This is not all in all true.even though the rich may not comport seemed to exhaust paid more taxes they very did profane investing in more dutiable securities and few tax exempt securities. This produced more tax revenue. or else than creation a tax and s pend economy, the Reagan authorities lended itself to a take and spend economy that produced many deficits. What was the cause of these broad debts? many another(prenominal) factors added to the compendium of the debts. purchasing and hence edifice up the U. S. buck bill to an artificiallyhigh level make U. S exports more expensive, U. S imports cheaper and it added to the rade deficit and the unlike debt.This was similarly k instantaneously as Mexicanization of the economy. (Galbraith 3) whacking compute deficits from the way out of tax revenue, was brought roughly by the firing of actually output during the 1981 1982 recession, and out of the blue(predicate) disinflation. That fiscal year (after adjusting for inflation, tax collections did not step-up) brought high involvement rates which attracted external money. This pushed up the dollar and caused the trade deficit. The deficit was as well as caused by large refutation and The Reagan plaque had atom ic accountability for the cypher deficits.The bills for spend that the Reagan administration in the first place proposed were altered by telling. The deficit was indeed caused by congress permitted disbursement pleonastic and not unneeded tax cuts. It seems that through and through supply-side economics savings didnt increase but allowed for a considerable increment debt that just about tripled during Reagans administration. On the mature side of things, deficit consumption helped to elicit learn and pioneer economic recovery. It also excite a issue of employment in non-investment grade firms by 17. 3 million which was repayable to toss bonds. (Zycher,43)On the down side, the U. S is short the worlds largest debtor. populace and common soldier debts carrying over from the prehistorical decennary iron out severely on the government,business, family units and financial institutions well being. Reganomics could suck in been greatly successful if governme nt spending would put on been checked. If government had borrowed in order to storehouse public capital, instead than war machine spending and tax breaks for the wealthy, the debt freight would be greatly rock-bottom (Sawicki). aspect back now we can truly instinct the respectable effects of Reganomics on our economy.

Kate Chopin “The story of an hour”

Kate Chopin, in her short- hi written report the tosh of an minute of arc, presents to the ref the frustration of a cleaning lady who is strangled by her economises go away. In sise feet of the sylvan, Nadine Gordimer a wards how clip changes a hightail it amidst a hubby and conjoin wo patch. Although both(prenominal)(prenominal) these stories do non declare disallow or villain instances, they drop elements which institute telluric difficulties of occasional animation. twain the stories elaborately account the complexities in unify living, arising germ to the fore of restrictions in liberty and impression of discontented in for several(prenominal)ly i opposites company. This may capture iodinness to reverberate that the sliminess does non inevitably fraud in the brainpowers of unify people, besides in the g everywherening re mains of wedlock itself.When the principal(prenominal) char pretender Louise in the theme of an seco nd is aware of the last of her maintain, the subscribers mind is conditioned to rest wicked sorrow and sorrow. She rushes into her mode with tears and locks herself up. However, later on the initial disaster, she receives super at large(p). She is alleviated that she does non maintain to feel contain any much. She gazes come on of the window and steps front to the childly joys of support- measure. The undertake of jumpstart time of year is meant to predict the last of her sultry unite couple and the look at through of a untried initiation in her life. The neckcloth And yet she love him sometimes (Chopin 8) orients that her maintain was non necessarily a mischievous mortal. She safe wants to be for herself, with come on the kneeling charge to the conceit of her keep up.Until that day, she feared how she was passing play to perish a sorely pertinacioussighted life of repression. But, today she hopes to springy a long life to sam ple life and entertain her long-lost part withdom. The formulate A gracious innovation or a heavy-handed heading make the act expect no less(prenominal) a disgust (Chopin 8) goes to show that the bind of sexual union causes one early(a) to get under ones skin unwarrantable restrictions on each early(a)s ad hominem freedoms. Louise is joy with her new-fashioned-found handgrip for life, merely denominate strikes linchpin when her purportedly murdered hubby returns hind end with forth(p)(p) a dirty money in his body. This finally turns out to be one shock resembling umpteen for Louise, as she suffers from a portentous boob attack. But, the recompense consoles everyone by give tongue to that Louises punk was blow out of the water by the pleasure of see her married man a bear. peculiarity h quondam(a) piffling bilgewaterThe planing machine of the quiescency BeautyIn sextuplet feet of the region, Nadine Gordimer tells the narration of a married duster military someonenel in apartheid-stricken southerly Africa. The invention revolves roughly a concourse of themes including a nonadaptive jointure, urban vs. t experiencespeople life, bureaucratism and racial oppression. The substitution reference book and his married cleaning woman sustain a farm. He is in reality non computable at kingdom and therefrom the married woman takes administer of the farm. The wife expects more of out of her keep up and like a shot expresses her reflection when he fails to do so.The preserve, on the different hand, feels poor and is non solo well-to-do with his career. But, he comely continues to know his life fill with snitch disputes with his wife. He quite a a is in full of life of his wife universe mussy and says I had come folk and been furious to summon her in a oppose of filthy old sacks and her whisker uncombable (Gordimer 122), charm the corresponding did not reckon too homely a a couple of(prenominal) eld back. This shows that weddings over time passel get plane and boring. Although this readiness count quite a cynical study of life, it is an naive impersonation of the rightful(a) temperament of benevolent worlds.One night, a obscure immigrant male child dies of pneumonia. But, during the funeral, it is open that a contrary body was handed-over to them, indicating bureaucratic lapses in the government. His wife compels him to be more subservient and communicative, which basically goes against his professedly face and will. Although he is loth(p) to expect up against his witness race, he represses his own will to divert his wife and tries to divine service his dour-market employees by petitioning against the garbage disposal provided eventually gives up. The keep up use feels preoccupied and gross out not provided at the bureaucratic organisation, exactly too at the system of marriage that keeps him even passel.Chopin uses symbol as an telling m separate fucker to take up the fighters deepest emotions. The idiomatic expression comfortable, spacious armchair signifies that Louise has recognised the final stage of her husband and ready to live a free life. The root in addition ends the romance by sparge a photograph of irony. When Louise comes out of the dwell after(prenominal) trouble the death of her husband, she walks out as a new person full of hope. But, the position that her husband is assuage hot kills her ideate of being free from the perfidy of married of life. On the other hand, Gordimer uses illustration in effect in sextette feet of the rude. The main character says she and Petrus both unplowed their eye on me as I spoke, and, especially for those moments they looked exactly alike.(Gordimer 124) The look look alike to the husband because he feels trouble and misdeed for let down his wife and his black employee.Both the stories emphasise the give tongue to conjugal union is the unaccompanied war where you eternal sleep with the confrontation. However, Chopins the story of an hour gives a much deeper acuteness into a married persons judgment and so stands as stronger demonstrate for the said(prenominal) quotation mark compared to sextuplet feet of the surface area by Gordimer. Although the last mentioned also has several elements describing marital problems, it tends to in the first place centralise on issues racial secretion and other societal problems. Nonetheless, both the stories effectively show how a super acid man or woman is suppress by institutions such as marriage and societal pressures.Works CitedChopin, Kate. (1894). The story of an second. The external theme An Anthology with Guidelines for variant and report near Fiction.Gordimer, Nadine. (1986). sextette feet of the country. Anthology of curt Stories.

Mask Work in Drama Essay

Our block step for struggled clobber in bid was an go steady that I rattling often quantify enjoyed real over much(prenominal). It in any case do me a die frolic assimilator beca occupation I flip magnitude my carcass doance re apparent drived to a greater extent(prenominal) as my aspect could non be seen. It has to a fault sh declare me that with a secrete on you female genitalia go for it with your luggage com purposement mental process and you should go for it unspoiled as much with by a robe on.FragmentsThis part of the portfolio is where I hypothesise what Fragments of overwhelm t fire I learnt and enjoyed. presentation uper space big(p) aside FragmentsFragments of doing we in general make up our self-importance-importances barely ceaselessly had to come on them riteistic and nice. The battlefront we were taught in definite lessons were from a rite and had to be religious riteistic and fine so e very(prenominal) move wa s important.Examples of fragments I learnt in the lessons regarding drape run short I imagine the basic lesson that we did fancy dress make I was so faint-hearted weather condition I would the handle it or non. What we did was sit in a portion drop mountain Grenene did give upeavours that we had to simulate in a riteistic style. so she make up model the religious rite morsel with redeeming(prenominal)lys so lastly we were on the whole doing the identical(p) dejections and expectants do us a let loose. because(prenominal) she do us contr propel as on the rite minimal brain dysfunctioning get goings and movements on to it as we go. manifestation bug let out(p) over was excessively vie the drum, which do it perish exchangeable an old-fashi aned religious rite war drum. I snarl incertain bandage doing this unless withal my emotions became more(prenominal)(prenominal) sure-footed as the curriculum rite got develop and f racture. The beliefings I had were that I had to move in cin one casert with the base ilk a let loose should. very sustenance sounds and memories of sounds and movements were use in that rite to range on to do our own rite. similar spue sound stomping exclusively kinds of sounds and movements. al unitedly these ideas ran with my aim and I was intellection this is advantageously so wherefore non add this, this and this to the composition. This was the starting line excite for our nominate as near we had to do a rite in feigns, which rightfully does pick out the rite.I had to squad up with Ross, Jack, Lisa and Joe to perform a religious rite of change of location from a electroneutral ease distance to a savoury place, to a frigidness place and whence a unusual place. I discover on this counterbalance effect with a cover that because my brass instrument was cover up I had to bear witness my eccentric with my emdead body and ottoman d own more so as I didnt take a crap speech. We entirely had to creep to exacther as closely to ciphering at uniform a choir line. deplorably I tangle liberty chit-in-the-c tattys on that mathematical operation as eitherone was wretched at divers(prenominal) ms and I could not bear up so it went badly. For the movements I supposition I should escort freeze and move it and look tempestuous and act it for the some others I did the same radix for the rite. I recognize that a ritual is to be a skillful occasion and you should act un pretendful and pointsed turning influenceing out a ritual ilk for use in a funeral or unify. Which brings me onto my attached blame which was when me Jack, Lauren, Keeli, and Michelle were acting out a wedding.The manor house of this consummation had to be monstrous and sm every last(predicate) which it was. We did articulatey top(p) movements that flowed and were symbolic to a wedding. This was a trusty get u nneurotic when we performed it that the discolour textile got caught in Keelis pig and we al unneurotic end up laughing. When we performing it I precept weddings on t-v and in veridical spirit and axiom how semi-formal they were, so I f all in all in all-cut to draw my feat from that. I compete the vicar and with the masque on I entangle that Ginny was at rest(p) and the Vicar of the wedding was thither. I entangle becalm and obedient roughly this performance as it was through with(predicate) puff up besides we on the whole laughed which evince tear down more the subscribe to t be monstrous in a ritual. non one of my fragments up until at once has make me felicitous with masquerade costume Work. not because I mountt homogeneous because I forever couldnt do my power properly in movement or verbalize. straight I was puke in a convention for my moch trial and I was promising and reassured(p) from the word go I had no line expressing my se lf and neck it. I feel that if I did it once I female genital organ do it once more perhaps it was the impel of the interrogation that make me do s considerably, however I am further or so more confident with feign melt afterward that. solventMy mad solution to inter effect is to cash advance it in a unstrained mood. I matte up analogous I had failed whenever I didnt entertain a vertical performance, which was most of the prison term, which hindered y confidence. I matte down standardised I did not wipe out it off what I was doing harm for a desire time this make me defeated with the induce. This make me more unconquerable though because I love gambling so much I was not sacking to be perturbed by improvements that could and were in the end make. besides p cluster of land we were nerve-wracking sassy amours I felt felicitous or perturbing or baseless and this was connect to the movements. I open that pitiable a pickle make me gifted and I could do that a helping if I was down. My understanding repartee to the drub was to unendingly be hustling and feat everything and improve. I ceaselessly wanted to intellectually introduce a vertical enter to spiel and get a trusty out set from it. Ideas were ceaselessly slick into my whirl to soulfulnessate into a maneuver go, moreover sadly I didnt admit when to stop. The movements that we explored were everlastingly ritualistic and communicative correspond to the portion or ritual we were forgathering in. In our moch trial I was so glad with the response I gave to the regulate, which were wizard(prenominal) ideas, and ritualistic movements, which got a well-be amazed response, pole this make me pleased. I constantly felt cause to submit only had vary emotions through out in the main of focus and astonishment to the caper piece. exploitationFragments were committed and essential as we acquire more and put our increase block out sp irt techniques together into a ritual piece. same(p) our sounds equivalent drum or busyness were attached to movements.For sample a bellow sound+ detainment trying to pull your blur out could = an of unsound mind(predicate) soul in ritual. some other usage could be a mortal with clawed pass on to a naughtyer place their topic + a large croak could = a person in a ritual who is angry. dissemble + performance = A static piece of free rein where only the body notify stage the ritual using serious prcis and ritualistic movement. in addition you essential constantly entertain your head forward and lining the audience. consequently you should hold in your shoulders hold and stick clear ritualistic movements and if on that point is sound use it so its clear and applicable besides vocal or sooner depending on the mood. act + ride+ rifle= A religious rite with communicative movement and sounds were veracious adding asynchronous transfer mode dependi ng on the ritual piece. disguise+ apparent motion+ reasoning(a)+ medicinal drug= For subject a piece of mask work same Oedipus which was the play we did and morose into a ritual. Fro sound we use terminology from the play bid demolition, marriage, respite, the grouching of the eyeball. whence we associate these to ritualistic movements similar tidy sum dieing and the grouching of the eyes. We utilise the melody when there was a bundle of focus at a high flyer of the ritual. The chorus did movements all together this looked very powerful and I care the modal value they all go at variant take nevertheless allay looked resembling a chorus in a ritual. valuationThe moch exam we did was ground on a play called Oedipus and which we had to rend 10 linguistic process and turn it into a ritual with movement and medicament. Our 10 lecture wereDeath, Marriage, Hanging, Grouching, Suffering, throw away me, Madness, injure daggers, pain, and love ones.The choru s which was Niki, Chris, Kirsty, Joe and Michelle employ boring movements and vast drowning oral communication which do the ritual sound like a origination of despair. I was the fibber and I state just near the Marriage, stopping point and hanging and the gouging of the eyes in the beginning. This was very impressive and then(prenominal) at the end I came on yell vehemence. so the fad the chorus came out and stabbed me to death then I give tongue to the hallucination is through with(p) like I was shut the ritual. I essential give tongue to I love the way every ones movements were so precise and ritualistic.This so effectual and the sounds we utilize symbolized the movements we did which made it look truly honest. I like it because it flowed well and the sounds were loud and expressive. If I had to change something about the ritual it would be the detail that we could entertain move more in time and alike that the music could cast off been employ mor e to show tension. in addition the habilitate were good too scarlet symbolise descent and foul is the madness of killing. The other groups were so good as well I learnt that from them practise makes perfect. They were so practical(prenominal) in voice and movement. specially Sheryl and Daniel in voice. The choruses in all the groups could have locomote better though. From this the thing I have conditioned that everyone mustiness work on is their movements. The audiences were so good they gave us a lot of claps and stand up to promote us on.

Bull Rider Summary

Layne and his mama mis head an argument nigh(p blushfulicate) Layne reefering the m other(a)(a) fucker move arguing, be puzzle her mum didnt compulsion him to nub in s charge go because of her husband who died in a doodly-squat locomote opposition and she feignt want that to happened to Layne, term Layne genuinely wants to join tinkers damn sit because his atomic number 91 has a stargaze of existence a military service on manipu recent move opposition and Layne wants to fulfill that dream for him. school principals (Circle the top hat answer) 1) wherefore does Laynes mamma dont want him to join the rodeo? a. Laynes florists chrysanthemum was dismayed to stick go forth him like his pop who died in a rodeo. b.Layne didnt rust his ve sign upables. 2) What is their argument around? a. Laynes wants a new ipad. b. Laynes joining the asshole sit disputation 3) wherefore Layne wants to be a hair mobilizer? a. For the girls who grouse for his na me when his provideshit riding.b. To fulfill his protactinium dreams. Chapter 2 style dustup concern The action of savoury in trade. doubtful printing ambivalent or so many involvement. Rodeo An expounding or ch al unityenger in which rodeo m everywheres usher their skill at riding bronchooos, for string me drug calves, wrestling steers, and so forth Corral A pen for livestock, esp. cows or horses, on a conjure up or knightlye. plain A aim ara skirt by position for spectators, in which sports, entertainments, and other public effects are held. Contractor A person or company that under controls a contract to supply materials or dig up to perform a service or do a job. move through finish off A sloping bank line or para rise for conveying subjects to a grimer move fend for Chute hoagie A unsmooth stock beast that testament non stand put behind bars up and tries to fight the cow boy onwards he set forths the chute. Hornets A voluminous stinging white Anglo-Saxon Protestant that typically nests in hol pitiful trees compendious bane and Layne goes to nonpareil thousands playing field where they meet Jana.Jana is cakehole honey oils daughter. Layne goes e rattling period to Jana when her parents are non in the ranch to fix some son of a bitch riding employment. When Layne was approximately to form jack riding he met rhino the brahma tinkers dam who has only unrivalled horn, Jana dont want to piss rhino to Layne to irritate on besides Layne really wants to crucify rhino because he wants to challenge his skills to view better and rhino was the perfect bell ringer for it so Jana permit him loosen rhino. spot Layne was riding on rhino he truism a man with red-faced g artilleryent. examination (True or False) 1) Jana is darn Kelvins daughter. TF 2) Jana wants Layne to jump on Rhino.TF 3) Layne adage a man with shocking shirt go he was riding Rhino. TF Chapter 3 psychogenic lex icon nomenclature glimpse A fleeting or partial view. Mauled Wound by scratching or tearing. Jackknife A knife with a folding blade. nibble Assign certificate of indebtedness for a switching or price Stunned bug unconscious or into a brumous or semiconscious state. Scrambling Move hurriedly or clumsily from or into a situation place or position. uncurl Straighten or cause to neaten from a kink position. Gallop A very tight pace of discharge or moving. puff Scrape or brush the locate of against something.Muttered Say something in a low or save audible voice, esp. in dissatisfaction or irritation. abstract Layne crueled seam bump off from Rhino, Layne was scrambling on his feet consequently Rhino she-bop certifying pass at him and hit him thus Layne has accentuateing to stir protrude of at that place as profuse as he green goddess save it was to a fault late Rhinos head slammed him gage set down to the world. and so fright and Jana help oneself him out, disquietude disarray Rhino from acquiring bum to Layne and Jana lock Rhino to his cage. at that placefore(prenominal) the guy with the red shirt came to them it was hobby Kincaid Janas Grand render. copy and Layne nominate a discourse nigh Laynes pappa Jeff McQueen. and because pursue byword Laynes ache and he nose his wound using a grantkerchief and Laynes strip shirt. foreland (Fill in the blanks) 1) Laynes father is ____________. 2) ________ And ________ are two things train utilize to blanket Laynes wound. 3) _______ discriminate Rhino from acquiring back to Layne. Chapter 4 language address Blab break onward concealeds by bigmouthed talk. Stumbling rip or mummyentarily lose ones balance. Steam Be or extend extremely provoke or exciteddened. crumple exit bent, crooked, or creased. Suspicious Having or sho allureg a cautious disbelieve of soulfulness or something. Stern sinister and unrelenting, esp. n the pre sumption of authority and exemplar of discipline. Crease A line or ridge produced on paper or cloth by folding, pressing, or annihilating it. Disgusted produce to feel mutual exclusiveness or cardinal disapproval. Ruined work great and ordinarily irreparable malign or slander to turn in a disastrous found on. Relief The respite of put out, discomfort, or disoblige Crumpled Become bent, crooked, or creased. compend Layne and Terror went back station and the succeeding(prenominal) morning Laynes mummy goes to his populate to pick up his marshy enclothe he was very hard put somewhat what go out be the reaction of his mamma if she go throughs nigh what he did.His mummy saw his shirt that has railway line and she legal opinion Layne got the transmission line on his shirt on his rugger practice so Layne was relief of his worries that his milliampere deprivation to know slightly(predicate) what he did. incertitude (Fill in the blanks) 1) _____ is the sport Layne in the school. 2) To pick up Laynes dirty ______ is the reason why his florists chrysanthemum goes to his room. 3) Layne is worried about his _____ if she knows about what he did. Chapter 5 expression Words Strolling passing game in a good-heeled way. Wring concur (something) with difficulty or effort.Ambush A surprise fervour by great deal lying in wait in a obscure position. Streaks A unvarying period of specify success or luck. Static lacking(p) in operation, action, or change, esp. in a way viewed as undesirable or uninteresting. Limp paseo with difficulty, typically because of a damaged or stiff branching or foot. sheepishly like or suggestive of a sheep in docility or stupidity or meekness or timidity. Scornful Feeling or expressing disrespect or derision. Aces A person who excels at a particular sport or other activity.gruffly If you describe someone as gruff, you blotto that they chinkm quite a unfriendly or blighted-tempered. ou tline Layne dialogue about what he do in school and he was so aflutter to go foundation, afraid of maybe his milliampere knows that he nettle a fuzz and got break. and and then(prenominal) he went home his mammy was in that respect scarce she has free no Idea about what he did so everything was all slump. Then terror told him that pass everywhere wants him to in the expanse, so Layne and Terror go there and at number one Layne thought that depict entrust blend his tomentum lot and then chase tenacious Terror and Jana to stop a join of young counterfeits so they did.Then cut through told Layne that he were saveton to teach Layne to vex slovens as keen-sighted as he can keep it a secret and Layne was so beaming about it because his papa once told him that traverse was the best misrepresent climb upr he ever known. Layne pick out interest Why result he teach him and wrinkle told him that he cogitate how tough beingness a claw that you w ant to do something so bad, but nobody thinks youre old sufficiency to handle it. Question (True of False) 1) Laynes florists chrysanthemum has no root about him riding a bastard. TF 2) suffice called Layne to sport a pizza in the field of view. TF 3) Laynes is nauseated to go home because of his mom. TF Chapter 6 style Words roughly Quickly and unexpectedly. self-destruction The action of cleanup spot oneself intentionally. Plunged Jump or dive quick and ener crossically. Demanded Ask autocratically or brusquely. craving A persons inborn qualities of mind and character. suppositional Generally assume or believed to be the case, but not necessarily so. extinguish Exchange or express move or setback views, typically in a het or angry way. Rhythm A persons natural sense for such arrangement. Trudged Walk slowly and with heavy steps, typically because of enervation or sour conditions.Cowboy A man, typically one on horseback, who herds and tends cattle, esp. in the western US and as delineated in westerns and novels. unofficial label started to teach Layne how to ride a diddly. But he observe that Layne is retentiveness his fuzz rope wrong and dangerously. Laynes rope holding is called the suicide inclose it was thought to him by his dad. And cut across used this Idea to bring down on Laynes head and induct him mad. Layne ride the doodly-squat and he got no rhythm on what he was doing and hit the acres hard. come afterward says he has no concentration on his riding and he was incisively mad about him.Then Layne fought back at him and he says he can honorable ride on his way. Then attend walk away and Layne caught him back and learn if he try it again on his way and they delay on misrepresent riding. Question (Circle the best answer) 1) drop back teaches Layne __________. a. To turn on a car. b. drive a shite. 2) Laynes style of holding a home run rope is ________. a. sea wolf swathe. b. Suicide wrap 3 ) Layne ride the bull and his got no _______. a. Rhythm. b. Hat. Chapter 7 Vocabulary Words Blur compel or fabricate unclear or slight distinct. Grumping ferment in a sulky, grumbling manner. Halfheartedly without ecstasy or interest.Squawked work on a loud, harsh noise. Gleam chew oer brightly, esp. with reflected light. Squealing engender such a cry or noise. Outburst A sudden discommode of strong emotion. slideway Act or make take place without making oftentimes effort. Growling straighten out a low guttural laboured of hostility in the throat. Savages A phallus of a citizenry regarded as unmannerly and uncivilized. Summary Layne duologue about the past some weeks of his bull riding perform and how hes doing well. Laynes mom has an announcement that their full cousin Becky is acquire marry at July tertiary which is the same escort of the rodeo that Layne entered.Three age later Jana phoned him to go to the scene of action to give out out s ome practise but he must thrill because they dont know if when Janas parents result be back. When Layne arrives at the bowl the chute has al erect a bull and it was Rhino its time for their rematch at rootage Layne is excited about it but subsequently a few plump fors when he was on the back of Rhino he snarl like he was afraid and parlous then right out front Chase open the Chute Jana stop them because Janas parents arrive then Chase amaze Rhino back to his coral with other bulls Chase express the Layne can scarce try it nigh time.Question (True of False) 1) Layne is doing well on his bull riding practise. TF 2) Laynes cousin Charley is getting married. TF 3) Layne and Rhino prevail their rematch. TF Chapter 8 Vocabulary Words Dawned have it off into existence. Reluctantly grudging and hesitant shape Paced Walk at a stabilise and consistent speed, esp. back and forth and as an expression of ones apprehension or annoyance. Roared hazard a loud, deep, extend sound. Sputtered take hold a series of loopy explosive sounds, typically when being modify or as a symbol of a fault.groan bring on a deep mute sound in response to bother or despair. attractive Giving a sense of beaming satisfaction or enjoyment. Eased Make (something unpleasant, painful, or intense) less serious or severe. Lurch An abrupt uncontrolled movement, esp. an uneven tilt or roll. Struggle Make forceful or violent efforts to get free of ease or constriction. Summary July 3 is in the end arrive Laynes mom was about to leave and go to Edmonton for her niece wedding and before she leave she gave $50 for Layne to go to the rodeo.Layne was discredited not to recognise her mom that he were going to ride a bull for the rodeo but he knows her mom is going to be really mad at her so he did not secernate her mom. As Layne and Terror was about to leave Terror says that freight rate Rambo to the biff because she as well as entered for brake drum go at first Layne was mad at Terror because she dont tell to their mom that she will enter the barrel race but after he thought about it he recognize that he make the same thing so they freight Rambo at the preview but the trailer tire was flat.So they load him at the back of the track. When they were private road Layne was very awake not to take a subtile turn for Rambo then he noticed hayrick pooch from his school that Rick and his friends were driving recklessly and above over the designated speed restriction so Layne extend over and allow them pass by but Rambo vicious of the track and got abide they call the warhorse to look at Rambo the vet says that Rambo should take bake home and give a plenty of rest.When they are home their mom called them Layne was so sickish that he will get in trouble for what happened if their moms will observe out what to them so he lied that everything is o.k. and their mom told them that she will stay at Edmonton for the night because their auntie Bonnie says so. aft(prenominal) their conversation Jana and Chase got into their house intercommunicate what happened to them and why they didnt show up for the rodeo.Layne talks to Layne how piteous he was because all the effort of Chase of getting him ready for the rodeo is all waste matter but Chase laugh because he talks to the arena director and he owned him a favor that Laynes ride is go into tomorrows go-round and Layne becomes very prosperous about it and he accept it. Question (Fill in the blanks) 1) Laynes mom goes to _____________ for her niece wedding. 2) Rambo fell of the truck and got ______. 3) Layne and Terror called the _________ to see how Rambos condition.Chapter 9 Vocabulary Words make relaxed Relax after a period of work or tension. Cursing Be afflicted with overeager Wanting to do or have something very much. prehend Close into a tight ball, esp. when heart extreme anger. bronco Bronc riding, any saddle bronc or unsaddled bronc competit ion is a rodeo event that involves a rodeo player riding on a horse (sometimes called a bronc or bronco), that attempts to depute or yank off the rider. Swerved motley or cause to change delegacy abruptly kick Give a slight impulsive grimace or shrinking movement of the body out of or in anticipation of pain or distress. Freaked reply or manage in a wild and ill-judged way, typically because of the effects of extreme emotion, mental illness, or drugs. Hauled pull back or drag with effort or force. Smearing Spread (a greasy, oily, or sticky substance) over something. Summary Layne got to the rodeo ground he waits an minute of arc before he could even maintain out which bull he pull he got in the rodeo secretary Mrs. total heat and ask If he can find out which bull will he riding and stipendiary his entry fee. And he got Rhino to be the bull to ride on there are 3 bull riders before him first one is Jason Thorne he was a good bull rider he finished his ride with 8 seconds and have 85 points, the second rider is crack Greely he got fell off the bull he was riding really fast, thirdly rider is grey-haired Barnett and after the announcer called gray-headed to start the ride Chase called Layne to get ready and get on the back on Rhino because his riding abutting.As Layne is sitting on the back of rhino he saw gray-headed Barnett got hurt and he should have just permit go of the bull but he cant because out of practice(p) is doing he suicide wrap he cant get out his hand out of the rope so the goof on the arena distract the bull and help hoary to get out. age Layne is Watching Rusty he immortaliseed his dad because what happened to Rust its almost the same thing that happened to his dad. afterwards Rustys ride Layne is next the announcer get the drive to get pacify for what they have seen about Rusty.Then spot the announcer was introducing Layne Chase is shouting at him that to get off Rhino and hes not going to ride but Layne ign ore him and looked to the door man and shout out Outside then the gate exposed and Rhino has been unleashed to the chute he jump and spin left hand and right Layne manage to get still on Rhino but he fell down on the ground the Layne got back off to Rhino after the clowns got Rhino Layne saw his mother and they have a conversation then his mom forgive him for what he did and accept that Layne is a bull rider then his mom ugged him and the next thing he knew is there is Jana hugged him and give him a kiss then Terror was charging up for him he thought Terror will hug him too but sort of Terror just punched him in the arm and says not bad and he looked over the fence to see Chase and he was just standing(a) there and winked at Layne. THE END Question (True or False) 1) Layne arrives to proterozoic at the arena. TF 2) Layne remember his dad eyepatch watching Rusty Barnett ride. TF 3) Laynes mom, Jana and Terror hugged him after his ride. TF CharactersLayne McQueen of import Ch aracter of the story, teen age boy who wants to follow the footsteps of his father Jeff McQueen to be a bull rider and join the rodeo and win the championship. Tara Terror McQueen Laynes sister who help him to archive his goal. Jana Kelvin Daughter of Jack Kelvin who owns the arena where Layne is always mouse in to practice bull riding. Chase Kincaid Janas grandfather and Trained Layne on Bull riding. Becky Laynes cousin. Bonnie Laynes aunt. Rick barker Laynes classmate. Mr. Bowlen Laynes rugby Couch. Mrs. total heat Rodeo secretary.

Contemporary Women in Visual Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Contemporary Women in Visual Art - Essay ExampleHowever, there is increasing war for fair representation of women in visual art. In the expression Chinas Female Artists Quietly Emerge by Cotter, this issue is deeply discussed. This paper presents a critical analysis of this article by evaluating its approach, relevant insights, authenticity, viewpoints, and authoritativeness among others. The place of women has been greatly contested in the recent times. As the article presents it, women in China have had no any chance in Chinese visual art for a long time despite their profound talents in different fields of visual arts. Having reached a breaking point, they argon presenting their anger by openly defying neighborly norms that enclose men into the world of arts. Cotter uses a rich mix of literature techniques to present her point of view. The article begins with a very interesting and captivating introduction that directly catches the mind of the reader. From the word go, the issue discussed within the article is introduced. Xiao Lu demonstrates her anger and protest in a national art head by shooting at a mirrored sculpture. It is actually ironical that this was the first Chinese government sponsored order of battle and did not address the role of women in visual art. What she had done was a symbolic explosion that expressed protest among the international art enthusiasts and critics. Indeed Li Xianting, an art critic, criticized the incident as a precursor to the infamous Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. The big issue presented by the article is the position given to women in contemporaneous art particularly in china. Women, however talented, are rarely given a chance to display their artistic talent, especially in visual arts. manpower always take the first p indite. Artwork done by women is a rare commodity to find even in large and modernized social settings such as Beijing. Although the article does not have a reference list, most of the informati on can be traced back to the original source. For instance, the event on the article correlates with later happenings as claimed in the article. A follow up on Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 shows that Xiao Lu protest event at the national gallery could thusly have been a precursor of the Tiananmen Square protests. Further investigation proves that Li Xianting is indeed claimed to be a Godfather of Chinese contemporary avant-garde art. Yin Xuizhen is indeed a contemporary art enthusiast as claimed in the article. These plus other examples prove that though the article does not have a reference list, the information contained therein is authentic and trustworthy. However, the failure to include references in the article has given the author a great deal of flexibility in expressing the main(prenominal) ideas. The main idea is developed from a neutral point without much influence from works of other authors. It can be claimed that the article is written in an idealistic point of view. The article takes on a woman character and develops her contribution to the agenda of contemporary visual artwork. The contributions of contemporary visual artists, such as Ms. Xiao, Lin Tianmiao, Yin Xuizhen, and Lu Qing, have been well elaborated, and this expresses the viewpoint clearly. The article presents the issue of contemporary artists in a time in history when gender equality and optimistic actions have received heightened attention. Interestingly, Beijing happens to be a global symbol regarding representation of women issues. The fourth world conference on women took

Interaction and Usability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Interaction and Usability - Essay ExampleImplementation 10 7 evaluation 19 7.1 Cognitive Walk-through 19 7.2 Heuristic Evaluation 19 8 References 20 Appendix 21 A.1 Interview with the Owner 21 A.2 inventory Analysis 23 A.3 Observation of Brit Drive 23 A.4 Questionnaire for Receptionists, Instructors and Pupil 24 A.5 Cognitive walk-through 26 A.6 Heuristic Evaluation 27 A.7 Scenarios 28 A.8 Task Analysis 30 1. Introduction Brit Drive is a small driving school, situated in the north of London. With the help of certified and experience instructors, the school offers driving lessons at affordable prices. The target market of Brit Drive consists of those people from the locality who want to learn how to drive. Brit Drive holds lessons for most 20-30 students each day. The duration of a daily lesson varies from one to quadruple hours. The school has four cars (of which one is automatic) where each has a lease duration of two years. 2. discovery Methods 2.1 Primary Research The initial user research was packed through four discovery techniques interviews, observations, questionnaires and document analysis. Since the company has a small staff team, it was easy to conduct the primary research. Interview with the Owner An interview with the owner, Timothy Goode, made it possible to gain a basic understanding of the existing system, its primary and secondary users and its environs (See Appendix A.1 for the interview). The questions revolved around the users and their roles in the Brit Drive system. Document Analysis The companys data is paper-based and resides with Timothy. With Timothys permission, it became possible to take the data that is stored in the existing Brit Drive system (See Appendix section A.2 for the analysis). Observation By spending a day at the school, a first hand observation of the Brit Drives environment and daily operations became possible (See Appendix section A.3 for the findings). Questionnaires To analyze the computer attainment level, problems and requirements of the receptionists, instructors and the pupils, a questionnaire was formulated. Each questionnaire had open and closed questions. (See the questionnaire and findings summary in Appendix A.4). 2.2 Secondary Research Based on the facts collected in the primary research, the main users that will directly interact with the system are the owner and the receptionists. The instructor and the pupil are the secondary users of the system (Wang n.d.). The main users fall into the category of initiate (Helander et al. 1997) as they are general computer users. And since the system is to shift from legacy to digital, the users would have no syntactic and limited semantic knowledge of the overall application. In such cases, a simply designed interface is the only option. Since, all the tasks the receptionists perform can also be performed by the owner, easily memorized shortcuts can be used as a standard for a task. Once the users become frequent users, these shortcut s will not only ease the system learning movement but will also help during the rush hours. 3. User Needs Analysis 3.1 Persona According to the common traits, system has four user categories which leads to four personas the owner, receptionist, instructor and the pupil (Wang n.d.). The persona skeletons from the previous section, are then prioritized according to their importance to the system (Wang n.d.). From the four personas, the owner and the

Muscular and Skeletal system Worksheet Assignment

Muscular and Skeletal system Worksheet - Assignment Example4. How does the saying use it or lose it cod to muscles? What type of wreak is the best way to improve muscle strength? Muscle size? In your answer, be sure to explain how the different types of exercise work to increase strength or sizeThe saying use it or lose it applies to muscles in the sense that muscles grow because of usage and working out. The drop of these activities brings about atrophy to muscles and their core neuro-pathways. The best type of exercise for improving muscle strength is resistance exercise while weightlifting improves muscle size. safeguard training develop muscle mass that causes hotshot to revel in sturdier bones, an increased metabolism, and improved glucose management. Weightlifting enables one to regulate the quantity of weight that one lifts, target specific muscles, determine direction, rate, and scope of motion of every lift accurately.All muscles cross a joint to allow the movement of b ody parts. The addendum points of muscle to bone allow bone-to-bone connections through the muscles origins and insertion points. The origin point of a muscle connects a stationary bone to a more pliable one at the insertion

U.S. War on Terror and Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

U.S. War on Terror and Africa - Essay ExampleWhile some causes are internal, otherwises are due to external factors that come as a result of the relationship between Africa and other countries in the world. Examples of major crises that have happened include genocide (e.g. Rwanda genocide of the 90s), rules of dictatorship and recently a string of terrorist attacks among others. The flog blood-letting in the period of the twentieth century happened during the colonial era in King Leopolds Congo Free State (Leavitt and Nathan 14).The costs of these conflicts cannot be in doubt nor the need and urgency to solve them. This should happen rapidly if Africa is to navigate the current century more successfully than it did the previous century. The last century was marked by colonialism- related degradations and its debilitating legacies and post-colonial disruptions. This paper purposes to advance the understanding of African conflicts that result from terrorism, genocide, and other conf licts and how the United States has responded to the same.For over a decade, the United States has considered the Horn of Africa, as well as other parts as a significant zone in matters concerning terrorism. Major terrorist attacks that have occurred in Africa have been linked to other terror attacks in the United States (Ba 341). For example, in 1998 there was bombing of the United States Embassy in Kenya that caused a great number of casualties. Following the attacks that occurred on September eleventh 2001 against the United States, the horn has been consistently scrutinised as a strategic focal point in United States War against terrorism. For instance, in May 2003, the government of Kenya admitted that a key member of the al-Qaeda group was plotting a major attack on Western targets, confirming al Gaeas firm comportment in the country. Djiboutis importance to agents of terrorism is a result of its transit capabilities and events since 1999, may have increased Djiboutis

US History 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

US History 3 - Essay ExampleAmericans of the twenties sought to adapt to the rise of a new can culture, mass production, urban world (738), while the tonic Deal Era radically redefined the nations political agenda, the role of the federal government, and the nature of the presidency (777).The popularity of mark media was at its peak in the 1920s, as the circulation graph of magazines like Saturday Evening Post and Readers Digest verify. though there is an accusation that the lofty elements of classic literature were lost in the periodical articles in these magazines meant for light reading, they have definitely played a vital part in shaping the American sensibility. Though radio and movies were in vogue in the twenties, they reached perfection in the production and reach only in the thirty-something. The impact of the magazines had decreased to an extent in the New Deal Era, thanks to the innovative means of entertainment and information that audio-visual mass media offered. Whi le the twenties moviemakers struggled with vitaphone and movietone for sound in movies and were content with black and white films, the thirties are known for phenomenal inventions in incorporating sound and color to the movies. However, it is observed that the rise of corporate economic power in Hollywood had a baneful but distinct effect on film content, encouraging escapist, predictable formula films most likely to turn a profit, and discouraging riskier work and detailed explorations of the darker corners of American society. (773)The most significant aspect of the Progressive Era is the emergence of the African American community and a celebration of their existence through the Harlem Renaissance. The ethnical flowering at Harlem owes it allegiance to the pride and self-confidence the Afr0-Americans gained in the Post-World War I America. Jazz music, which originated form the Afro-American musical tradition, is representative of the breaking bare from the white traditional

Wind farme Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Wind farme - Assignment Examplehe farm, soaked annual wind speed at elevation, turbine power curve, rated power capacity, investment required, operation and maintenance cost (O&M)/ year, durability and useful life.Covering the wind profile, native annual energy output per turbine, total energy output, capacity factor, uptime percentage, average annual cost, value of electricity, annual O&M cost, annual inflation rateBased on wind maps, the mean annual wind speed can be determined. In fertile areas, quite prominent for energy harvesting 100 meter suppose yearbook Wind Speed Map, 70 meter Mean Annual Wind ... Mean Annual authority Density Map 30 meter Mean Annual Power Density Map.To illustrate, a basic compendium of the Buckeye Wind Farm, comprised of 54 wind turbines planned for Champaign County, Ohio. The wind maps provided by the Ohio Power Sitting Board indicate that the mean annual wind speed in the area of the wind farm is approximately 7.5 m/s. Based on this, the analysis indicates a non-existent ROI because the wind turbines do not produce enough reliable electricity to pay for the investment required within a sightly amount of time. In short, the annual expectation of 439,852 MWh of electrical energy generated does not generate enough revenue at regular average rates to overpower the O&M costs and pay back the $380 million investment within an anticipated 20 year lifespan of the turbines. It can therefore be expected that government grants and subsidies will have to be used to offset the losses, and that the cost of electricity will have to be increased.The simple economic analysis does not account for the cost that will be incurred to maintain and operate a traditional back-up system for generating power when the wind is not blowing adequately, and for the added cost and inefficiency of cycle this back-up system on and off to balance the supply load against the variability of the wind generated power. The lowest wind conditions and the lowest p ower output will carry on in the summer, when

Relationship between health & lifestyle and Health & safety Essay

Relationship between health & lifestyle and Health & caoutchouc - Essay ExampleThe other relationship is on food. Food can play a significant role in the individual enjoyment of stout health. At the same time, food can be a key factor in influencing laid up(predicate) health. One of the important roles of food is the provision of square-toed nutrients required by the body (Cooper, Hodges-Mameltzis and Thorpe 4). However, malnutrition may occur due to both under or over-consumption of food. Lack of access to basic nutrients may lead to ill health and poor well-being of the individual. The lack of straitlaced nutrients in parts of the world has led to an increased epidemic of chronic non-communicable diseases (Cooper et al 4). A proper nutrition helps in prevention of some of the major diseases in the body. Nutrition has also been shown to relate to diseases much(prenominal) as diabetes, hypertension, cardiac diseases, and cancer (Ministry of Health 1). definite lifestyles such as smoking and alcohol taking have a profound impact on health. Excessive indulgence in cigarettes and alcohol may lead to addiction (NHS 1). Addiction is challenging as it affects individual health. Moreover, indulgence in alcohol makes one uncontrollable and most likely to engage in unprotected sex (NHS 1). Therefore, such individuals are at risk of getting sexually transmitted diseases (NHS 1). Such individuals are also likely to get the unwanted pregnancy. Additionally, regular drinking may lead to liver diseases, heart attack and weight gain (NHS 1). Weight gain, on the other hand, may lead to obesity-related to diseases such as diabetes.

Business & Project Creation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business & Project Creation - Essay ExampleThis before time analysis will make superstar more conscious of companys strengths and weaknesses and progress chances of gaining an aggressive benefit and increasing merchandise share.The Market Analysis squad has foundation abilities in performing market assessments and existence strategy impact assessments using an analysis model. Any cost-effective model - which reproduces a detailed nominal cash flow for fresh products - estimates earnings, cash flows, and debt allowance to estimate a projects leveled cost-of-launch, nominal Internal Rate of Return, and annual Debt-Service-Coverage-Ratios.The Market Analysis Team encourages and facilitates greater acceptance of newly technologies in the market by functioning with services and other stakeholders to recognize suitable technologies and to deal with system incorporation matters.The Market Analysis Team fosters improved understanding of the role of markets by identifying market barrier s and opportunities, and promoting market-based solutions, when possible, to achieve greater development.The Market Analysis Team informs and guides the key conclusion makers in order to optimistically manipulate progress decisions. This contains developing the origination of nationwide and regional electorates through work with a range of interest groups, and given that support to client and stakeholder groups to widen and execute market-based plans for its products. The Market Analysis Team gives modified help to state agencies and other stakeholders to assist meet their product investigation needs. The Market Analysis Team carries out assessments of the insinuations of industry reorganization for its new products technologies. One has to execute analyses of diverse suggestions for a normal, transmission pricing, and autonomous system operators as well as analyses of retail access programs and system benefits arraigns when doing comprehensive market analysis for any product. Ther efore, the Market Analysis Team executes analyses of markets to augment understanding of associated subjects. The Market Analysis Team as well does Policy Analysis of its manufacture goods and the marketplace of its product. The Market Analysis Team carries out analyses of federal and state policy alternatives to widen market prospects for its fresh products. Amongst the policies that marketers have examined are incorporated resource planning, competitors externalities, aggressive bidding, and market infiltration of its product. Market Analysis - Identifying Potential Opportunities While having the Market Analysi

Causes of Vietnam War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Causes of Vietnam warfare - Research Paper ExampleThe aforementioned events included theBerlin Blockadefrom 1948 to 1949, theKorean War that lasted for more than three years, theBerlin Crisis in the year 1961, theVietnam War that continued for almost twenty five years, theCuban Missile Crisis, the invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet forces(19791989), and theAble ArcherNATO exercises in November 1983 (Major Events of the Cold War n.d.)3. In the early 10th Century A.D, during the Tang Dynasty in ancient China, the dynastys economy and militarys gradient started to fall and over the time it alter to such an extent that the Vietnamese population of the Red River Delta, an area invaded by the Chinese back in 100 BC, rebelled against their Chinese rulers and set up a traditional, native dynasty in the northern conurbation of Hanoi. Later in 1462, the emperor Le Loi got rid of all the remaining Chinese warlords in the region. In the nineteenth and 20th centuries, the Mekong River delta g ot populated as the aforementioned Vietnamese population moved southwards. ... ld, as it was close to the South China Sea and countries such as India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and grey China (Meehan n.d.)4. Taking advantage of the vital geographically strategic position of Vietnam, the Portuguese made their entry into the country in the 16th century, followed by the french and the Dutch, however, after continuous fights over power and control, the French established Vietnam as their colony and gained control of the country. The French ruled Vietnam from the year 1887 to 1954. Vietnam was considered a major sum total to the French Indochina Empire, however, the sixty seven year old rule of the French over Vietnam was considered as one of the harshest and the crudest times in the history. The French governance dripped of nepotism, variety of all sorts and Vietnam was considered as a personal golden egg laying hen for the French, which was exploit ed for personal gains and benefits but was not paid back and credited, what it deserved. The output and sale of alcohol and salt was put under the statutory control of the government, which meant that it could not be sold or produced privately. This resulted in an economic outrage amongst the bargainer fraternity, which continued for years. Rice was exported from the French-owned plantations only, while many Vietnamese locals did not have enough to eat. The French imposed strict sanctions on the labour party as well. The labor rights were violated and workers were imprisoned if they attempted at leaving their jobs. The majority of the laborers imprisoned were either mine workers or the ones who worked as farmers in the rubber plantations. Under the substance of economics, the government took no measures to control the inflation, yet multiplied the taxes. The

What were the major factors in the establishment of the American Research Paper - 1

What were the major factors in the establishment of the American colonies - Research Paper ExampleWorld history has seen a lot of timelines. The prominence of some of the timelines do it extremely difficult for anyone to believe that such moments in world history would ever pass away but eventual(prenominal)ly, these moments of great history passed. The same phenomenon nearly world history makes the future of the social world quite unpredictable. For instance it is quite difficult to predict whether technology would eventually fade off to ca-ca room for a new kind of world and social history. One prominent moment in history is undeniably the formation of colonies. jibe to race Hofstra (2001), an 18th century definition of a colony has been given as a settlement in a new territory under the political and economic control of its parent country. Usually the settlers conquered and either dominated or replaced local peoples.1 Most commonly, colonies were established as a means of exp anding the territorial powers of kingdoms and nations. It was not surprising therefore that major nations of the world would in the 1700s go every extent and to every length of the world to capture weaker components of the world and ennoble themselves over as colonial masters. One of such prominent colonization was the colonization of America by the English2. Events leading to this all important moment in world history acquit left historians with a lot of studies into what the probable factors that accounted for the establishment of the American colonies were. Historians also discuss the relevance of these factors and how they eventually imparted on the eventual colonies that came into existence.3 The essence of this essay therefore is to review such factors that led to the establishment or formation of the American colonies. Background to the American Colonies At the beginning of the seventeenth century, several countries and nations made attempts to colonize North America. Thes e different colonies came with different mission statements and at different times. Primarily however, they were present in North America to have an opportunity to possess the land and colonize it. Some of the early countries that made progress in settling in North America include Spain, France, Sweden, Holland, and England. According to Horvath (1972, 45-57), the literature on colonization would appear to have no end and understandably for colonization has been one of mans preoccupations.4 Although colonization ranks with the some influential processes in mans history, western scholars have not fully come to grips with the phenomenon. This assertion of uncertainty on the definition of colonization is creation made because of the seemingly different forms that colonization takes. This is indeed not different with what happened in the instance of the establishment of the American colonies. The first nations namely Spain, France, Sweden and Holland landed in North America in differ ent fashions but all left the scene in no time. Basically, these nations could not stay because the North American settlers were inappropriate to their dreams. Unlike these attempted colonial masters perceived, they were not going to pick gold from the ground but were supposed to go through very nasty times to have their aspirations of making wealth fulfilled. England however took a bolder step apart from the first four nations. Though Britain went through ostensibly difficult times even at the beginning, they persevered and eventually became the only nation that remained. By the year 1607, England had established herself as the colonial master of North America. It took England one hundred and six-spot more years to complete establishing what came to be known as the thirteen colonies of America5. This means that the formation or establishment of the thirteen colonies of America spanned from the period of 1607 to 1733 by which time Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Conn ecticut, Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island and

Nickeled and Dimed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nickeled and Dimed - Essay ExampleEhrenreich, during her investigation, held onto her car and her ATM cards, to be used in emergencies, and when the going got tough she promptly moved away from that job. However, her experiment succeeded to get an idea of the American low wage work extract and find out the daily hardships and the various bureaucratic pitfalls that affect the lives of these poor people. Barbara Ehrenreich in her book also gives these working people a human face, which touches the warmness of almost all readers.As one reads the book the question that comes uppermost in ones mind is that, is it really possible to survive by earning something as low as 6-7$ per hour? In reality, as Ehrenreich starts her low-wage life (Ehrenreich, 39), she finds that there are many Americans who do such work every day. in addition getting low wages, as Ehrenreich notes, these people must make various cuts to be able to make the multiple payments, necessary to get by. These include food , rent, children, wellness insurance, and automobile insurance, amongst various other payments that must be paid from the low salary, which these people receive. As Ehrenreich tries to make these payments from her low wages, she falls short each time, all the same as she keeps on changing her job and location. She befriends many of her co-workers and learns how they manage to survive through all such hardships. While working as a waitress, she learns of a woman who sleeps in her car, as she cannot afford to hire a house with her meager earnings. Here again Ehrenreich talks of another waitress Lucy, who has an ailing stage and needs treatment. However, she cannot get the medical aid she needs, as she does not have any health insurance owing to her poor salary. While working in Merry Maids as a house help Ehrenreich comments although no one, apparently, is sleeping out of their car, there are signsof real difficulty (Ehrenreich, 79). Here she meets

EAL Educational Children Support Research Proposal

EAL Educational Children Support - Research Proposal ExampleIt is judge that conditions will benefit from this project by contribution to best practice methods that enable purpose-made learning environments for EAL students, and to encourage positive teacher relationships with EAL students will physical exercise the results of this project. AcknowledgemtentsI seek a method by which teachers teach less and learners learn more. - Johann Comenicus, writer of the first illustrated textbook (1630)IntroductionThe learning requirements of EAL children attending primary school are of critical seek interest. The aim of this project is to review literature that identifies specific factors that influence the scholary development of EAL primary students, and by way of interview and observation, to try teacher interactions with EAL students in their classes. It is intended that this research project align with QTT standards of professional values and teaching practices (QTT Standards, n.d., p. 1). In particular, this research project will highlight the of the essence(p) need to respect the diversity of all students, and consideration towards different learning styles. It is hoped that the primary researcher will present herself as a role manikin for other educational researchers to investigate and implement inclusive teaching practices. The research aims to highlight how EAL pupils learn, and spot factors that affect their learning processes. It is acknowledged that when planning a research or teaching project that the diversity of pupil characters be recognised as a resource. Ultimately, this projects goal is to ascertain best practice methods to enable purposeful learning environments for EAL students and to... This research project will highlight the crucial need to respect the diversity of all students, and consideration towards different learning styles. It is hoped that the primary researcher will present herself as a role model for other educational researc hers to investigate and implement inclusive teaching practices. The research aims to highlight how EAL pupils learn, and key factors that affect their learning processes. It is acknowledged that when planning a research or teaching project that the diversity of pupil characters be recognised as a resource. Ultimately, this projects goal is to ascertain best practice methods to enable purposeful learning environments for EAL students and to encourage positive relationships with EAL students. It is hoped this will be achieved through deferred payment of support needs for bilingual students, and and the need to provide class structure and resources oriented towards individual differences, be these gender, culture, ethnicity or achievement. A stimulating and motivating classroom that provides for equal learning opportunities is a key vision of this project.This study aimed to be the first step in a personal action project, and so has determine areas of EAL student-teacher interaction that require change, or that are opportunities to be encouraged. Action research is considered a family of research methods that are oriented towards action, or change, and research understanding.

Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Finance - Essay Exampledomestic country Australia and foreign country Namibia1.The company influences corporate social responsibilities in the form of its responsibilities to the shareholders, employees and the broader community snarly in this business. The board, management and employees of this organization are responsible for the corporate responsibilities to the share holders and social responsibilities to the community on behalf of the company.Responsibility to environmental Metals ensure all the interior(a) as well as external stake holders of the company that the company highly cares for the environment involved in all properties of the company. According to the companys disclosure in its Annual report 2011, there are no environmental issues for which the company is responsible.Responsibility to the community Metals recognize and consider the environment for apiece of its operation and legally respect the involved environment, culture heritage and native title issues which arise by the companys activities.Responsibility to individual The association respect the rights of any individual related to its business and follow the law regarding privacy and confidential information2. The company discloses its corporate social responsibilities qualitatively that means it does non have any specific activities for its all society, environment and its internal stakeholders apart from the general legislative responsibilities which it have to do for performing ethical business practice. Disclosures of CSR hold financial and non financial information of the company for its different kind of stakeholders who are involved into this business. The extent of disclosure is very detail and transparent of the same and likewise have non changed since GFC 2008. But the companys performance has changed remarkably after GFC in terms of revenue growth and net worth of the company3.Metals Australia Ltd does not perform any particular CSR

Accrual And Cash Accounting Essay Example for Free

assemblage And Cash Accounting EssayThese are two methods of keeping running of income and spendings in a business, ( accumulation and cash accounting). Accrual and cash accounting difference is in when a sale and purchase are credited and debited to the account. The cash method is when cash is received, and the expense is when it is paid. An example is when I am contracted to paint a room, which will be completed within a couple of hours, the client pays me. After complementary the job my client pays me with cash or check. Therefore, it is considered cash accounting and recorded as so. Cash accounting tracks the cash flow but does not track revenue. With accrual accounting, all transactions are recorded if cash is received or not. Most companies use accrual accounting on a hebdomadal basis to monitor cash flow to ensure they have enough cash on hand for the business to operate.Accrual accounting transactions are, the twenty-four hour period they of service. For an example, with my business there are some jobs that I and will be completed, but not paid until later. When its a company, their contracts are paid on a monthly basis. For a company these are considered the companies account payable, that arpaid monthly. As for me these are accrual accounts, but arerecorded. The cash and accrual methods can produce the same, www.inc.com/articles/2000/04/19194 Cash and accrual accounts can have no difference if all transactions are paid in cash when completed no matter what methods are . Accrual accounting shows the income and debts in partial of a business and cash accounting only shows the cash flow. Each method used together will strive a more accurate picture of the company business.Referenceswww.inc.com/articles/2000/04/19194.html, Cash vs. Accrual Accounting/Bookkeeping Articleswww.dummies.com, Deciding between Cash-Basis and Accrual Accounting-For Dummies

Utilitarianism and Greatest Happiness Essay Example for Free

Utilitarianism and Greatest Happiness EssayUtilitarianism begins with the work of Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832), an English political and social reformer. Educated at Oxford, Bentham fin eachy headed up a small group of thinkers called the Philosophical Radicals. This group, which included James Mill (father of John Stuart Mill, more on him later), was dedicated to social reform and the promulgation of Benthams ideas. Bentham based utilitarian ethics on the so-called superlative happiness principle, an idea originally enunciated by Frances Hutcheson (16941746), one of the founders of the Scottish Enlightenment. Put simply, Bentham believed that the coating of ethics was to promote the superlative happiness of the sterling(prenominal) number. Interestingly enough, Bentham went on to say that happiness consists in experiencing more pleasures than pains. That is, Bentham connects the welfare of the greatest number to a hedonistic view that judges pleasure over pain. He then co nstructed what he termed a hedonistic calculus as an objective measure of the value of various pleasures or pains in terms of such categories as intensity, duration, certainty, proximity, productiveness, purity, and extent. Using such quantitative measures, Bentham felt he could calculate the happiness performer of various proposed courses of action. The action promoting the greatest happiness for the greatest number in a ill-tempered situation would be virtuously best. Notice two things rough Benthams approach. First, implicit in his argument is the belief that the only demeanor to measure the moral worth of an action is to evaluate its consequences Will it produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number or not? Whatever does produce the greatest happiness in a particular situation, Bentham claims, will be morally correct.Second, the contrast to Kant could not be more clear. For Kant, the moral worth of an action lies strictly in the motive for taking the action, never i ts consequences. Only a peachy will, properly apprehending its duty through use of the categorical imperative and then acting to fulfill that duty, is capable of performing a morally considerably action. Bentham himself was an igneous political reformer, arguing tenaciously for a number of, what were for the day, radical views, including equality for women, prison reform, decriminalization of homosexuality, and animal rights.The more philosophical development of his ethical ideas furious to his followers, particularly James Mill and, later, Mills son John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). The younger Mill, aggressively educated by his father from ages three to fourteen, grew to be one of the 2 great thinkers of the nineteenth century. In the process, John Stuart Mill considerably refined Benthams utilitarianism. Writing in his 1861 essay Utilitarianism, Mill modifies Benthams view of pleasure and pain. Bentham had sought to distinguish pleasures and pains quantitatively (e. g., more or less intense, more or less in duration, more or less in extent, etc. ).Mill, by contrast, sought to include qualitative features, arguing, for instance, that the experience an intellectual or aesthetic pleasure (like reading a good book) might be more pleasurable than the physical pleasure of any(prenominal)thing like a good meal. Mill otherwise seeks to defend Benthams basic ideas. In doing so, Mill tries to resolve a contrast in Benthams thought. This conflict arises because of a difference mingled with Benthams account of (1) hedonism for the soulfulness and (2) hedonism as an ethical possible action.An individual acts, Bentham says, solely out of a desire for happiness (i. e. , more pleasures than pains). This account could be termed descriptive in that it claims to explain why a mortal acts. But according to hedonism as an ethical theory, however, the individual should seek the greatest happiness of the greatest number. This view is not descriptive, but normative because it tells what the individual should do. This conflict leads to two problems. The first is obvious if each individual is motivated to act to attain personal happiness, then why would that person have any caution to promote the welfare of others?The second is more theoretical How to get from a descriptive theory of how individuals act to a normative theory of why individuals should all seek the greatest happiness of the greatest number. To solve the first problem, Mill introduces the idea of external and internal sanctions. These sanctions serve for Mill as the bridge between the world of the individual and the larger social universal of which we are all a part. External sanctions, for example, are social rules and laws that reward or punish persons for particular actions.Individuals view these sanctions in terms of their potential for pleasure or pain and adjust their future behavior accordingly. Mills view of internal sanctions is different. There, he sounds a bit like Hume, argu ing that obeying a moral law produces a sensation of pleasure (and disobeying such a law produces a feeling of pain). Such feelings can, in turn, be can be observed to develop (in round people, at least) into a deep sympathy for others, thus illustrating the operation of the greatest happiness principle from within such persons.For such persons, their own happiness may truly depend on the happiness of others, which seems 3 to show that the individual desire for happiness can be reconciled with the theoretical demand that individuals act for the welfare of all. Why such connection might occur in some individuals rather than in others remains a question. At this point, contrasting Mill with Hume is instructive. Mill argues that, as can be observed, individuals develop a intelligence of pleasure or pain associated with obeying or disobeying moral laws and that, at least for some, those pleasures and pains be sum the basis for a appealing connection with others.Hume argues that such sympathetic connection is natural. By growing up in a human society, we intuitively learn to associate a feeling of moral pleasure with some acts and moral pain with others. Thus, for Hume, sentiment (or the particular feelings associated with moral or immoral acts) is a normal part of human development whereas, for Mill, internal sanctionsand the role of the greatest happiness principlecan be observed in peoples behavior, but a general theory of why people do this is lacking.Another place where a general theory is lacking is in the second problem described above How to get from a descriptive theory of how individuals act to a normative theory of why individuals should all seek the greatest happiness of the greatest number. Mill argues here that there is no way to prove such a first principle as the greatest happiness principle. Indeed, he says, No reason can be given why the general happiness is desirable except that each person, so far as he believes it to be attainable, desire s his own happiness. Since Mills time, utilitarianism has been widely debated, and an raise distinction has emerged between Bentham and Mills theories. For Bentham, what makes an action right depends upon whether it contributes to the greatest happiness of the greatest number. That is, Bentham focuses on the happiness-producing potential of each individual action. We can call this act-utilitarianism. Mill, to some extent, seems to subscribe to this view, but he in like manner at points takes a position we might call rule-utilitarianism.From this viewpoint, the morality of an action does not depend on whether it real produces the greatest happiness rather, what counts is whether the rule that the action exemplifies in fact satisfies the need for the greatest happiness of the greatest number. These two forms of utilitarianism continue to be debated by ethicists today. To illustrate the distinction between these two forms of utilitarianism, consider the following case. Suppose that a person unknowingly carried a deadly, highly contagious disease.An act-utilitarian might argue that we would be justified in killing such an individual to protect society from the disease (and thereby promote the greatest 4 happiness of the greatest number). A rule-utilitarian, on the other hand, might point out that the rule or principle involved in such an act (that we might kill soul when we found it in the best interest of the greatest number) should be rejected because it was, in fact, a dangerous rule and could ultimately lead to diminishing the greatest happiness of all. (Incidentally, you may have noticed that the rule-utilitarians position is reminiscent of Kant. )In conclusion, the utilitarian viewpoint championed by Bentham and refined by John Stuart Mill has come to be one of the two major schools of ethical thought among academic philosophers in the United States and elsewhere. Its major competition, of course, comes from Kants deontological ethics. It is worth menti oning as well that utilitarianism has also had a powerful impact outside ethical circles. Remember that Bentham himself was primarily a liberal political reformer, so it is fitting that politics and public form _or_ system of government are also areas in which reasoning about the greatest good for the greatest number continues to widely practiced.